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Games that use dice and the dice themselves goes all the way back to the Middle Eastern Crusades, but modern craps is approximately 100 years old. Modern craps formed from the 12th Century Anglo game called Hazard. Nobody absolutely knows the birth of the game, although Hazard is said to have been invented by the Anglo, Sir William of Tyre, sometime in the 12th century. It is theorized that Sir William’s paladins enjoyed Hazard during a siege on the fortress Hazarth in 1125 AD. The title Hazard was derived from the fortress’s name.
Early French colonists imported the game Hazard to Acadia. In the 18th century, when driven away by the British, the French headed down south and found safety in the south of Louisiana where they eventually became Cajuns. When they left Acadia, they took their preferred game, Hazard, with them. The Cajuns simplified the game and made it mathematically fair. It’s believed that the Cajuns adjusted the name to craps, which was gotten from the term for the losing throw of snake-eyes in the game of Hazard, known as "crabs."
From Louisiana, the game extended to the Mississippi river boats and across the country. Many consider the dice maker John H. Winn as the founder of modern craps. In the early 1900s, Winn built the modern craps setup. He added the Don’t Pass line so gamblers can bet on the dice to lose. Afterwords, he created the spaces for Place bets and added the Big 6, Big 8, and Hardways.